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Therefore, all formulas have some advantages and limitations on application. 100掳C), suspension liquid flows in form of particles with directional alignment by shearing manner along a certain angle, and such flowing does not produce any mutual interference. The viscosity index (VI) represents the temperature-based variation level of viscosity of various kinds of oil. If the viscosity index is large, the influence of temperature on viscosity of liquid is small, so it is clear that the viscosity is not sensitive to temperature. VI of most of industrial oil ranges from 0 to 100, but it must always be beyond 100 in case of applying to synthetic oil and multilevel oil. 140掳C is obtained, and the theoretical value and experimental value of viscosity versus temperature are shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 shows that temperature highly influences the viscosity of the carrier fluid of MR fluid. 0掳C, the viscosity is highly influenced by the temperature.
100掳C, the viscosity is relatively stable and would slightly decline as temperature rises. If the temperature is higher than 100掳C, the viscosity would gradually increase. 0掳C, and as a result, large viscosity appears. Figure 2 shows that the shear stress under the absence of magnetic field is relatively smaller than the shear stress under the external magnetic field and is only about 1/10 of the shear stress in presence of magnetic field. The shear stress gradually increases as the current rises; namely, the magnetic field strength rises. The shear stress gradually decreases as the temperature rises. However, the shear stress gradually increases as the temperature increases from 100掳C, but the variation is gradually irregular; it is to be studied. The result shows that the shear stress of MR fluid gradually increases as the current rises; namely, the magnetic field strength increases under the same temperature condition. 100掳C under the same magnetic field strength. The shear stress slightly increases as the temperature rises beyond 100掳C and is gradually uncontrolled. MR transmission device is widely applied to various control systems.
Such transmission devices using MR fluid as the working medium have the advantages of being simple in structure, low in energy consumption, fast to respond, and easy to control. The transmission devices are of multiple structural forms, including shear mode, pressure flow mode, extruding mode, or the combination of all based on the working mode. The cylinder type MR transmission runs under the shear mode. Some of the mechanical property and electric energy are converted into heat during operating MR transmission device, which inevitably causes the temperature variation. MR transmission between two coaxial cylinders is of the shear transmission mode as shown in Figure 5. The transmission device is of axial symmetry mode. MR fluid under cylindrical coordinate was established based on the assumption above, and the following can be obtained according to Newton鈥檚 second law:wherein represents positive tangential stress, represents tangential stress, represents density of MR fluid, and represents tangential speed.
